Imithetho ye-Environmental Protection Agency ivimbela i-Volkswagen ukuthi ivale imboni yezimoto zikagesi e-Tennessee ehlaselwa yinyunyana ye-United Auto Workers.NgoDisemba 18, 2023, uphawu olusekela i-United Auto Workers lwamiswa ngaphandle kwemboni yakwaVolkswagen e-Chattanooga, Tennessee.I-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ngoLwesithathu iphothule imithetho emisha yokukhipha umoya wezimoto zaseMelika, okuwumthetho omkhulu wesimo sezulu osazophasiswa abaphathi beBiden.Nakuba imithetho ixega kunesiphakamiso sasekuqaleni sangonyaka odlule, okunikeza izinkampani zezimoto isikhathi esengeziwe sokunciphisa intuthu ekhishwayo, inhloso isiyonke kusewukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide ezimotweni ngo-2032. Le mithetho iphinde inciphise ukungena kwezinye izinto ezingcolisa ubuthi ngaphakathi.Izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, njenge-soot nama-nitrogen oxides.
Nakuba imithetho ngokobuchwepheshe ithi "i-technology neutral", okusho ukuthi izinkampani zezimoto zingakwazi ukufeza izinjongo zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni nganoma iyiphi indlela eziyibona ifanelekile, ukufeza lezi zinhloso izinkampani cishe kuzodingeka ukuthi zithengise izimoto zikagesi eziningi, zingaba zizonke noma ingxenye (ngokwesibonelo, i-hybrid. noma i-plug-in hybrid).I-US Environmental Protection Agency ibika ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zizobalelwa ku-56% (noma ngaphezulu) wokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha eminyakeni eyimodeli ka-2030–2032.
Kuzoba neminye imithetho, okuhlanganisa izindinganiso zokonga uphethiloli zoMnyango Wezokuthutha kanye nemithetho ehlukene ye-EPA yamaloli amakhulu.Kodwa lo mthetho wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwepayipi le-tailpipe unemithelela emikhulu esimweni sezulu kanye nempilo yomphakathi yabantu ababaphefumulayo futhi abahlupheka ngenxa yalokho.Lokho kungenxa yokuthi umzamo wokuqala we-UAW wokusebenzisa isu layo elinesibindi lokuhlela izitshalo zezimoto ezingezona eziyishumi e-United States zenzekile. embonini yakwaVolkswagen eChattanooga, eTennessee.Imikhiqizo ewumgogodla yalesi sikhungo ukuphela kwezimoto zikagesi zakwaVolkswagen ezikhiqizwa e-United States njengamanje, futhi ngisho nangezikhathi zomnqamulajuqu ezibekwe yimithetho emisha, bekungeke kwenzeke ukuvala imboni noma ukuhambisa ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikagesi kwenye indawo.Lokhu kuncisha abaphikisi be-UAW impikiswano ebalulekile abavame ukuyenza ngokumelene nokubumbana kwezinyunyana: ukuthi uma ukuhlanganiswa kwezinyunyana kuphumelela, ibhizinisi lizolahlekelwa ibhizinisi noma liphoqeleke ukuthi livale.
I-UAW yaphusha ngonyaka odlule ukuthi yehlise isivinini sokungena, kodwa ibonakala yanelisekile ngenguqulo yokugcina.Inyunyana esitatimendeni yathi "ukwakhiwa kwemithetho ye-EPA" ye-EPA "kucacisa indlela yokuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto basebenzise uhla oluphelele lobuchwepheshe bezimoto ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa ...inkinga." Inkinga yesimo sezulu kufanele ilimaze imisebenzi yezinyunyana. Empeleni, kulokhu, kuzosiza lezo zinyunyana zisebenze.
I-United Auto Workers imemezele kuleli sonto ukuthi isifake izicelo zokungenela ukhetho lwezinyunyana embonini yakwaVolkswagen, iChattanooga, eqashe abasebenzi abangu-4,300 XNUMX ngehora ophikweni lwayo lwezingxoxo.Lesi sikhungo sizoqala ukukhiqiza i-ID.4, i-SUV esebenza ngogesi wonke, kusukela ngo-2022. Yimoto kagesi ehamba phambili yenkampani futhi ibizwe ngokuthi "inhloko elandelayo yakwaVolkswagen eMelika."
I-ID.4 imoto eyenziwe e-US efaneleka ukuthola isaphulelo sika-$7,500 EV somthengi ngaphansi kwemithetho yokuthenga yasekhaya yoMthetho Wokusiza Ngamandla Amandla Emali.Insimbi, i-interior trim, i-electronic components kanye namabhethri enziwa e-USA.Okubaluleke kakhulu kwaVolkswagen, i-supply chain isivele ikhona.
“Ayikho indlela abazosivala ngayo lesi sikhungo,” kusho uCorey Kantor, isikhulu sezimoto zikagesi e-Bloomberg New Energy Finance.Ubalule ukuthi i-ID.4 yenza u-11.5% wesamba seVolkswagen esidayisiwe e-US, futhi ukukhansela leyo modeli kuzoba kubi ebhizinisini ngoba imithetho yezokuthutha ezoqala ukusebenza ngo-2027 manje izokwenza iVolkswagen ingakwazi ukuhambisana nayo;imithetho.Ngisho noJohn Bozzella, umongameli we-Automotive Innovation Alliance, iqembu elihamba phambili lezohwebo embonini, ephendula umthetho omusha we-EPA ukuthi "ikusasa lisebenza ngogesi."Ukuphumelela eNingizimu kuzohambisana namanye amabhizinisi i-UAW ezama ukuwahlela.Ukuhambisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ID.4 kwenye indawo kuzoba nzima ngokufanayo.Isikhungo sase-Chattanooga sinendawo yokuhlanganisa amabhethri kanye nelabhorethri yokuthuthukisa amabhethri.Inkampani imemezele i-Chattanooga njengesizinda sayo se-EV ngo-2019 futhi ayizange iqale ukukhiqiza ama-EV lapho kwaze kwaba yiminyaka emithathu kamuva.Njengoba sekusele iminyaka embalwa kuphela imithetho ye-tailpipe, iVolkswagen ayinaso isikhathi sokulungisa kabusha uchungechunge lwayo lokuhlinzeka ngaphandle komkhankaso wezinyunyana oyimpumelelo.
Ngenyanga edlule, i-Outlook yabhala ngomkhankaso wakwaVolkswagen we-UAW, iphawula ukuthi emizamweni yangaphambilini yalesi sikhungo kusukela ngo-2014, izikhulu zezombusazwe, izinhlangano zangaphandle kanye nezikhulu zemboni ezimelene nenyunyana bahlongoza ukuvala lesi sikhungo.ukuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela.Abaphathi babelane ngezindatshana mayelana nokuvalwa kweVolkswagen ngo-1988 eWestmoreland County, ePennsylvania, okwakusolwa ngomsebenzi we-UAW.(Ukuthengisa okuphansi empeleni kuholele ekuvalweni kwesikhungo. Kulokhu, abahleli bakulungele ukuphikisa lesi simangalo, bechaza ukuthi iVolkswagen izibophezele ekwandiseni umkhiqizo embonini. Manje banenye impikiswano: Imithetho emisha ye-EPA yenza ukuvala lesi sikhungo cishe kungenzeki. "Abakwenzi konke lokhu kuqeqeshwa ukuze bathathe futhi bahambe," u-Yolanda Peoples, osebenza emshinini wokuhlanganisa injini, etshela i-Outlook ngenyanga edlule.
Yebo, amaqembu e-Conservative cishe angaphonsela inselelo umthetho we-EPA, futhi uma amaRiphabhulikhi ethatha amandla ngonyaka ozayo, angazama ukuwuqeda.Kepha ukuqinisa imithetho yaseCalifornia mayelana nokukhishwa kombhobho ongemuva kuzokwenza ukuthi imizamo enjalo yokucekela phansi ibe nzima kakhulu, njengoba izwe elikhulu kunawo wonke lingaphasisa imithetho ebeka awawo amazinga nezinye izifundazwe eziningi zingalandela okufanayo.Imboni yezimoto, ngesifiso sayo sokuqiniseka nokufana, ivame ukunamathela kulezi zimiso.Ngisho noma kungenjalo, kuzoba nokhetho e-Chattanooga isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ilungelo lithathe noma yisiphi isinyathelo ngemithetho ye-EPA.Ngaphandle kwethuluzi labo eliyinhloko lokusabisa abasebenzi, abamelene nezinyunyana kuyodingeka bavikele amalungelo abo ngokuvota ngokumelene nabasebenzi abahlukahlukene kunalabo ababenabo ngaphambili.Imiphumela yamavoti amabili adlule ezimbonini zakwa-VW ibisondele kakhulu;isiqinisekiso esibonakalayo sokuthi lesi sikhungo sizoqhubeka nokuchuma kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiphi isimo senyunyana sanele ukusiqhubela phambili.Lokhu kubalulekile kubasebenzi bakwaVolkswagen, kodwa kubalulekile nakwezinye izinkampani embonini.Ukuphumelela eNingizimu kuzohambisana namanye amabhizinisi i-UAW ezama ukuwahlela.Lezi zihlanganisa imboni yakwaMercedes eVance, e-Alabama, lapho ingxenye yabasebenzi isayine khona amakhadi enyunyana, kanye nezitshalo zakwaHyundai, Alabama neToyota eMissouri, lapho abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-30% basayine amakhadi enyunyana).Inyunyana ithembise u-$40 wezigidi eminyakeni emibili ezayo ukuhlela lezi kanye nezinye izimboni zezimoto namabhethri, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu.Uma kuqhathaniswa nenani labasebenzi ababehlosiwe, kwakuyinani elikhulu kakhulu lemali yomkhankaso wokuhlela inyunyana emlandweni wase-US.
AbakwaHyundai babheja ngesu labo lemoto kagesi.Izimoto zikagesi zale nkampani okwamanje zakhiwe eSouth Korea, kanti okwamanje kwakhiwa indawo yokukhiqiza izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi eGeorgia.Zonke lezi zinkampani kufanele zihambise ukukhiqizwa kwazo kwe-EV lapha uma zifuna ukuthobela futhi zingene emigwaqweni yase-United States.Uma kwaVolkswagen behamba phambili ekuhlanganiseni izimboni zabo zezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, kuzosiza nezinye izinkampani ukuthi zilandele.Amasosha amelene nezinyunyana ayazi ukuthi ukhetho lweVolkswagen lubalulekile ekutheni imboni yezimoto ingaqubula igagasi lokubumbana kwezinyunyana."Isobunxele sifuna iTennessee kabi kakhulu ngoba uma isithola, iNingizimu-mpumalanga izowa futhi kuzophela umdlalo weriphabhulikhi," kusho ummeli waseTennessee uScott Sepicki (R) emhlanganweni wangasese ngonyaka odlule.Akuyona nje imboni yezimoto engabona impumelelo ekuhlanganiseni izinyunyana.Isibindi siyathelelana.Kungase kuphazamise ukulawula kwezinye izindawo zokusebenza eNingizimu, kanye nemizamo yezinyunyana zezimboni ezifana ne-Amazon Teamsters.Lokhu kungakhombisa yonke inyunyana eMelika ukuthi ukutshala imali enhlanganweni kungaveza imiphumela.Njengoba uzakwethu u-Harold Meyerson ephawulile, imizamo ye-UAW inselele isimo sabasebenzi esibukela phansi izinhlangano sivuna ukuvikela amalungu asenawo.Imithetho yezabasebenzi yase-US isabeka izithiyo ekuhleleni, kodwa i-UAW inezici eziningi ezisebenzela yona, futhi imithetho ye-EPA yengeza enye.Lokhu kungasiza ukudala umphumela we-snowball kubasebenzi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ezokuthutha zikhiphela amagesi abamba ukushisa amaningi emkhathini kunanoma yimuphi omunye umkhakha.Imithetho ye-EPA iyindlela esemqoka yokubhekana nale nkinga.Kodwa isisusa sakhe sokudala imisebenzi emihle, ekhokhelwa yinyunyana singasiza ukuqinisa umfelandawonye we-Energy Transition.Ngokulinganayo, lokhu kungase kube ifa elibalulekile lalo mzamo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2024